The following sections will outline important financial information.
The following table details important financial assumptions.
| General Assumptions | |||
| Year 1 | Year 2 | Year 3 | |
| Plan Month | 1 | 2 | 3 |
| Current Interest Rate | 10.00% | 10.00% | 10.00% |
| Long-term Interest Rate | 10.00% | 10.00% | 10.00% |
| Tax Rate | 30.00% | 30.00% | 30.00% |
| Other | 0 | 0 | 0 |
The Break-even Analysis indicates what will be needed in monthly revenue to reach the break-even point.
| Break-even Analysis | |
| Monthly Revenue Break-even | £7,571 |
| Assumptions: | |
| Average Percent Variable Cost | 10% |
| Estimated Monthly Fixed Cost | £6,814 |
The following table will indicate projected profit and loss.
| Pro Forma Profit and Loss | |||
| Year 1 | Year 2 | Year 3 | |
| Sales | £59,680 | £168,728 | £182,599 |
| Direct Cost of Sales | £5,968 | £16,873 | £18,260 |
| Other Production Expenses | £0 | £0 | £0 |
| Total Cost of Sales | £5,968 | £16,873 | £18,260 |
| Gross Margin | £53,712 | £151,855 | £164,339 |
| Gross Margin % | 90.00% | 90.00% | 90.00% |
| Expenses | |||
| Payroll | £62,880 | £89,760 | £89,760 |
| Sales and Marketing and Other Expenses | £700 | £700 | £700 |
| Depreciation | £2,160 | £4,260 | £4,260 |
| Leased Equipment | £0 | £0 | £0 |
| Utilities | £600 | £600 | £600 |
| Insurance | £1,200 | £1,200 | £1,200 |
| Rent | £4,800 | £4,800 | £4,800 |
| Payroll Taxes | £9,432 | £13,464 | £13,464 |
| Other | £0 | £0 | £0 |
| Total Operating Expenses | £81,772 | £114,784 | £114,784 |
| Profit Before Interest and Taxes | (£28,060) | £37,071 | £49,555 |
| EBITDA | (£25,900) | £41,331 | £53,815 |
| Interest Expense | (£65) | (£180) | (£270) |
| Taxes Incurred | £0 | £11,175 | £14,948 |
| Net Profit | (£27,995) | £26,076 | £34,878 |
| Net Profit/Sales | -46.91% | 15.45% | 19.10% |
The following chart and table will indicate projected cash flow.
| Pro Forma Cash Flow | |||
| Year 1 | Year 2 | Year 3 | |
| Cash Received | |||
| Cash from Operations | |||
| Cash Sales | £59,680 | £168,728 | £182,599 |
| Subtotal Cash from Operations | £59,680 | £168,728 | £182,599 |
| Additional Cash Received | |||
| Sales Tax, VAT, HST/GST Received | £0 | £0 | £0 |
| New Current Borrowing | £0 | £0 | £0 |
| New Other Liabilities (interest-free) | £0 | £0 | £0 |
| New Long-term Liabilities | £0 | £0 | £0 |
| Sales of Other Current Assets | £0 | £0 | £0 |
| Sales of Long-term Assets | £0 | £0 | £0 |
| New Investment Received | £0 | £0 | £0 |
| Subtotal Cash Received | £59,680 | £168,728 | £182,599 |
| Expenditures | Year 1 | Year 2 | Year 3 |
| Expenditures from Operations | |||
| Cash Spending | £62,880 | £89,760 | £89,760 |
| Bill Payments | £21,678 | £45,592 | £53,285 |
| Subtotal Spent on Operations | £84,558 | £135,352 | £143,045 |
| Additional Cash Spent | |||
| Sales Tax, VAT, HST/GST Paid Out | £0 | £0 | £0 |
| Principal Repayment of Current Borrowing | £1,200 | £1,200 | £600 |
| Other Liabilities Principal Repayment | £0 | £0 | £0 |
| Long-term Liabilities Principal Repayment | £0 | £0 | £0 |
| Purchase Other Current Assets | £0 | £0 | £0 |
| Purchase Long-term Assets | £0 | £10,500 | £0 |
| Dividends | £0 | £0 | £0 |
| Subtotal Cash Spent | £85,758 | £147,052 | £143,645 |
| Net Cash Flow | (£26,078) | £21,676 | £38,954 |
| Cash Balance | £2,722 | £24,398 | £63,352 |
The following table will indicate the projected balance sheet.
| Pro Forma Balance Sheet | |||
| Year 1 | Year 2 | Year 3 | |
| Assets | |||
| Current Assets | |||
| Cash | £2,722 | £24,398 | £63,352 |
| Other Current Assets | £0 | £0 | £0 |
| Total Current Assets | £2,722 | £24,398 | £63,352 |
| Long-term Assets | |||
| Long-term Assets | £10,800 | £21,300 | £21,300 |
| Accumulated Depreciation | £2,160 | £6,420 | £10,680 |
| Total Long-term Assets | £8,640 | £14,880 | £10,620 |
| Total Assets | £11,362 | £39,278 | £73,972 |
| Liabilities and Capital | Year 1 | Year 2 | Year 3 |
| Current Liabilities | |||
| Accounts Payable | £957 | £3,997 | £4,414 |
| Current Borrowing | (£1,200) | (£2,400) | (£3,000) |
| Other Current Liabilities | £0 | £0 | £0 |
| Subtotal Current Liabilities | (£243) | £1,597 | £1,414 |
| Long-term Liabilities | £0 | £0 | £0 |
| Total Liabilities | (£243) | £1,597 | £1,414 |
| Paid-in Capital | £40,000 | £40,000 | £40,000 |
| Retained Earnings | (£400) | (£28,395) | (£2,319) |
| Earnings | (£27,995) | £26,076 | £34,878 |
| Total Capital | £11,605 | £37,681 | £72,558 |
| Total Liabilities and Capital | £11,362 | £39,278 | £73,972 |
| Net Worth | £11,605 | £37,681 | £72,558 |
Business ratios for the years of this plan are shown below. Industry profile ratios based on the Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) code 1771, Concrete work, are shown for comparison.
| Ratio Analysis | ||||
| Year 1 | Year 2 | Year 3 | Industry Profile | |
| Sales Growth | 0.00% | 182.72% | 8.22% | 7.50% |
| Percent of Total Assets | ||||
| Other Current Assets | 0.00% | 0.00% | 0.00% | 29.80% |
| Total Current Assets | 23.96% | 62.12% | 85.64% | 67.00% |
| Long-term Assets | 76.04% | 37.88% | 14.36% | 33.00% |
| Total Assets | 100.00% | 100.00% | 100.00% | 100.00% |
| Current Liabilities | -2.14% | 4.07% | 1.91% | 43.50% |
| Long-term Liabilities | 0.00% | 0.00% | 0.00% | 14.10% |
| Total Liabilities | -2.14% | 4.07% | 1.91% | 57.60% |
| Net Worth | 102.14% | 95.93% | 98.09% | 42.40% |
| Percent of Sales | ||||
| Sales | 100.00% | 100.00% | 100.00% | 100.00% |
| Gross Margin | 90.00% | 90.00% | 90.00% | 29.40% |
| Selling, General & Administrative Expenses | 141.12% | 74.62% | 71.00% | 15.50% |
| Advertising Expenses | 1.21% | 0.41% | 0.38% | 0.30% |
| Profit Before Interest and Taxes | -47.02% | 21.97% | 27.14% | 2.40% |
| Main Ratios | ||||
| Current | -11.20 | 15.28 | 44.81 | 1.55 |
| Quick | -11.20 | 15.28 | 44.81 | 1.17 |
| Total Debt to Total Assets | -2.14% | 4.07% | 1.91% | 57.60% |
| Pre-tax Return on Net Worth | -241.23% | 98.86% | 68.67% | 6.50% |
| Pre-tax Return on Assets | -246.39% | 94.84% | 67.36% | 15.40% |
| Additional Ratios | Year 1 | Year 2 | Year 3 | |
| Net Profit Margin | -46.91% | 15.45% | 19.10% | n.a |
| Return on Equity | -241.23% | 69.20% | 48.07% | n.a |
| Activity Ratios | ||||
| Accounts Payable Turnover | 23.65 | 12.17 | 12.17 | n.a |
| Payment Days | 27 | 19 | 29 | n.a |
| Total Asset Turnover | 5.25 | 4.30 | 2.47 | n.a |
| Debt Ratios | ||||
| Debt to Net Worth | -0.02 | 0.04 | 0.02 | n.a |
| Current Liab. to Liab. | 0.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | n.a |
| Liquidity Ratios | ||||
| Net Working Capital | £2,965 | £22,801 | £61,938 | n.a |
| Interest Coverage | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | n.a |
| Additional Ratios | ||||
| Assets to Sales | 0.19 | 0.23 | 0.41 | n.a |
| Current Debt/Total Assets | -2% | 4% | 2% | n.a |
| Acid Test | 0.00 | 15.28 | 44.81 | n.a |
| Sales/Net Worth | 5.14 | 4.48 | 2.52 | n.a |
| Dividend Payout | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | n.a |
| General Assumptions | |||
| Year 1 | Year 2 | Year 3 | |
| Plan Month | 1 | 2 | 3 |
| Current Interest Rate | 10.00% | 10.00% | 10.00% |
| Long-term Interest Rate | 10.00% | 10.00% | 10.00% |
| Tax Rate | 30.00% | 30.00% | 30.00% |
| Other | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Break-even Analysis | |
| Monthly Revenue Break-even | £7,571 |
| Assumptions: | |
| Average Percent Variable Cost | 10% |
| Estimated Monthly Fixed Cost | £6,814 |
| Pro Forma Profit and Loss | |||
| Year 1 | Year 2 | Year 3 | |
| Sales | £59,680 | £168,728 | £182,599 |
| Direct Cost of Sales | £5,968 | £16,873 | £18,260 |
| Other Production Expenses | £0 | £0 | £0 |
| Total Cost of Sales | £5,968 | £16,873 | £18,260 |
| Gross Margin | £53,712 | £151,855 | £164,339 |
| Gross Margin % | 90.00% | 90.00% | 90.00% |
| Expenses | |||
| Payroll | £62,880 | £89,760 | £89,760 |
| Sales and Marketing and Other Expenses | £700 | £700 | £700 |
| Depreciation | £2,160 | £4,260 | £4,260 |
| Leased Equipment | £0 | £0 | £0 |
| Utilities | £600 | £600 | £600 |
| Insurance | £1,200 | £1,200 | £1,200 |
| Rent | £4,800 | £4,800 | £4,800 |
| Payroll Taxes | £9,432 | £13,464 | £13,464 |
| Other | £0 | £0 | £0 |
| Total Operating Expenses | £81,772 | £114,784 | £114,784 |
| Profit Before Interest and Taxes | (£28,060) | £37,071 | £49,555 |
| EBITDA | (£25,900) | £41,331 | £53,815 |
| Interest Expense | (£65) | (£180) | (£270) |
| Taxes Incurred | £0 | £11,175 | £14,948 |
| Net Profit | (£27,995) | £26,076 | £34,878 |
| Net Profit/Sales | -46.91% | 15.45% | 19.10% |
| Pro Forma Cash Flow | |||
| Year 1 | Year 2 | Year 3 | |
| Cash Received | |||
| Cash from Operations | |||
| Cash Sales | £59,680 | £168,728 | £182,599 |
| Subtotal Cash from Operations | £59,680 | £168,728 | £182,599 |
| Additional Cash Received | |||
| Sales Tax, VAT, HST/GST Received | £0 | £0 | £0 |
| New Current Borrowing | £0 | £0 | £0 |
| New Other Liabilities (interest-free) | £0 | £0 | £0 |
| New Long-term Liabilities | £0 | £0 | £0 |
| Sales of Other Current Assets | £0 | £0 | £0 |
| Sales of Long-term Assets | £0 | £0 | £0 |
| New Investment Received | £0 | £0 | £0 |
| Subtotal Cash Received | £59,680 | £168,728 | £182,599 |
| Expenditures | Year 1 | Year 2 | Year 3 |
| Expenditures from Operations | |||
| Cash Spending | £62,880 | £89,760 | £89,760 |
| Bill Payments | £21,678 | £45,592 | £53,285 |
| Subtotal Spent on Operations | £84,558 | £135,352 | £143,045 |
| Additional Cash Spent | |||
| Sales Tax, VAT, HST/GST Paid Out | £0 | £0 | £0 |
| Principal Repayment of Current Borrowing | £1,200 | £1,200 | £600 |
| Other Liabilities Principal Repayment | £0 | £0 | £0 |
| Long-term Liabilities Principal Repayment | £0 | £0 | £0 |
| Purchase Other Current Assets | £0 | £0 | £0 |
| Purchase Long-term Assets | £0 | £10,500 | £0 |
| Dividends | £0 | £0 | £0 |
| Subtotal Cash Spent | £85,758 | £147,052 | £143,645 |
| Net Cash Flow | (£26,078) | £21,676 | £38,954 |
| Cash Balance | £2,722 | £24,398 | £63,352 |
| Pro Forma Balance Sheet | |||
| Year 1 | Year 2 | Year 3 | |
| Assets | |||
| Current Assets | |||
| Cash | £2,722 | £24,398 | £63,352 |
| Other Current Assets | £0 | £0 | £0 |
| Total Current Assets | £2,722 | £24,398 | £63,352 |
| Long-term Assets | |||
| Long-term Assets | £10,800 | £21,300 | £21,300 |
| Accumulated Depreciation | £2,160 | £6,420 | £10,680 |
| Total Long-term Assets | £8,640 | £14,880 | £10,620 |
| Total Assets | £11,362 | £39,278 | £73,972 |
| Liabilities and Capital | Year 1 | Year 2 | Year 3 |
| Current Liabilities | |||
| Accounts Payable | £957 | £3,997 | £4,414 |
| Current Borrowing | (£1,200) | (£2,400) | (£3,000) |
| Other Current Liabilities | £0 | £0 | £0 |
| Subtotal Current Liabilities | (£243) | £1,597 | £1,414 |
| Long-term Liabilities | £0 | £0 | £0 |
| Total Liabilities | (£243) | £1,597 | £1,414 |
| Paid-in Capital | £40,000 | £40,000 | £40,000 |
| Retained Earnings | (£400) | (£28,395) | (£2,319) |
| Earnings | (£27,995) | £26,076 | £34,878 |
| Total Capital | £11,605 | £37,681 | £72,558 |
| Total Liabilities and Capital | £11,362 | £39,278 | £73,972 |
| Net Worth | £11,605 | £37,681 | £72,558 |
| Ratio Analysis | ||||
| Year 1 | Year 2 | Year 3 | Industry Profile | |
| Sales Growth | 0.00% | 182.72% | 8.22% | 7.50% |
| Percent of Total Assets | ||||
| Other Current Assets | 0.00% | 0.00% | 0.00% | 29.80% |
| Total Current Assets | 23.96% | 62.12% | 85.64% | 67.00% |
| Long-term Assets | 76.04% | 37.88% | 14.36% | 33.00% |
| Total Assets | 100.00% | 100.00% | 100.00% | 100.00% |
| Current Liabilities | -2.14% | 4.07% | 1.91% | 43.50% |
| Long-term Liabilities | 0.00% | 0.00% | 0.00% | 14.10% |
| Total Liabilities | -2.14% | 4.07% | 1.91% | 57.60% |
| Net Worth | 102.14% | 95.93% | 98.09% | 42.40% |
| Percent of Sales | ||||
| Sales | 100.00% | 100.00% | 100.00% | 100.00% |
| Gross Margin | 90.00% | 90.00% | 90.00% | 29.40% |
| Selling, General & Administrative Expenses | 141.12% | 74.62% | 71.00% | 15.50% |
| Advertising Expenses | 1.21% | 0.41% | 0.38% | 0.30% |
| Profit Before Interest and Taxes | -47.02% | 21.97% | 27.14% | 2.40% |
| Main Ratios | ||||
| Current | -11.20 | 15.28 | 44.81 | 1.55 |
| Quick | -11.20 | 15.28 | 44.81 | 1.17 |
| Total Debt to Total Assets | -2.14% | 4.07% | 1.91% | 57.60% |
| Pre-tax Return on Net Worth | -241.23% | 98.86% | 68.67% | 6.50% |
| Pre-tax Return on Assets | -246.39% | 94.84% | 67.36% | 15.40% |
| Additional Ratios | Year 1 | Year 2 | Year 3 | |
| Net Profit Margin | -46.91% | 15.45% | 19.10% | n.a |
| Return on Equity | -241.23% | 69.20% | 48.07% | n.a |
| Activity Ratios | ||||
| Accounts Payable Turnover | 23.65 | 12.17 | 12.17 | n.a |
| Payment Days | 27 | 19 | 29 | n.a |
| Total Asset Turnover | 5.25 | 4.30 | 2.47 | n.a |
| Debt Ratios | ||||
| Debt to Net Worth | -0.02 | 0.04 | 0.02 | n.a |
| Current Liab. to Liab. | 0.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | n.a |
| Liquidity Ratios | ||||
| Net Working Capital | £2,965 | £22,801 | £61,938 | n.a |
| Interest Coverage | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | n.a |
| Additional Ratios | ||||
| Assets to Sales | 0.19 | 0.23 | 0.41 | n.a |
| Current Debt/Total Assets | -2% | 4% | 2% | n.a |
| Acid Test | 0.00 | 15.28 | 44.81 | n.a |
| Sales/Net Worth | 5.14 | 4.48 | 2.52 | n.a |
| Dividend Payout | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | n.a |