The following sections will outline important financial information.
The following table details important financial assumptions.
| General Assumptions | |||
| Year 1 | Year 2 | Year 3 | |
| Plan Month | 1 | 2 | 3 |
| Current Interest Rate | 10.00% | 10.00% | 10.00% |
| Long-term Interest Rate | 10.00% | 10.00% | 10.00% |
| Tax Rate | 30.00% | 30.00% | 30.00% |
| Other | 0 | 0 | 0 |
The Break-even Analysis indicates what will be needed in monthly revenue to reach the break-even point.
| Break-even Analysis | |
| Monthly Revenue Break-even | £22,025 |
| Assumptions: | |
| Average Percent Variable Cost | 33% |
| Estimated Monthly Fixed Cost | £14,851 |
The following table will indicate projected profit and loss.
| Pro Forma Profit and Loss | |||
| Year 1 | Year 2 | Year 3 | |
| Sales | £176,872 | £349,888 | £410,568 |
| Direct Cost of Sales | £57,612 | £100,239 | £118,047 |
| Other Production Expenses | £0 | £0 | £0 |
| Total Cost of Sales | £57,612 | £100,239 | £118,047 |
| Gross Margin | £119,260 | £249,649 | £292,521 |
| Gross Margin % | 67.43% | 71.35% | 71.25% |
| Expenses | |||
| Payroll | £121,700 | £140,400 | £166,000 |
| Sales and Marketing and Other Expenses | £2,700 | £2,700 | £2,700 |
| Depreciation | £10,356 | £863 | £863 |
| ADA dues | £600 | £600 | £600 |
| Utilities | £1,800 | £1,800 | £1,800 |
| Insurance- office and malpractice | £4,800 | £4,800 | £4,800 |
| Rent | £18,000 | £18,000 | £18,000 |
| Payroll Taxes | £18,255 | £21,060 | £24,900 |
| Other | £0 | £0 | £0 |
| Total Operating Expenses | £178,211 | £190,223 | £219,663 |
| Profit Before Interest and Taxes | (£58,951) | £59,426 | £72,858 |
| EBITDA | (£48,595) | £60,289 | £73,721 |
| Interest Expense | £9,670 | £9,053 | £8,362 |
| Taxes Incurred | £0 | £15,112 | £19,349 |
| Net Profit | (£68,621) | £35,261 | £45,147 |
| Net Profit/Sales | -38.80% | 10.08% | 11.00% |
The following chart and table will indicate projected cash flow.
| Pro Forma Cash Flow | |||
| Year 1 | Year 2 | Year 3 | |
| Cash Received | |||
| Cash from Operations | |||
| Cash Sales | £176,872 | £349,888 | £410,568 |
| Subtotal Cash from Operations | £176,872 | £349,888 | £410,568 |
| Additional Cash Received | |||
| Sales Tax, VAT, HST/GST Received | £0 | £0 | £0 |
| New Current Borrowing | £0 | £0 | £0 |
| New Other Liabilities (interest-free) | £0 | £0 | £0 |
| New Long-term Liabilities | £0 | £0 | £0 |
| Sales of Other Current Assets | £0 | £0 | £0 |
| Sales of Long-term Assets | £0 | £0 | £0 |
| New Investment Received | £0 | £0 | £0 |
| Subtotal Cash Received | £176,872 | £349,888 | £410,568 |
| Expenditures | Year 1 | Year 2 | Year 3 |
| Expenditures from Operations | |||
| Cash Spending | £121,700 | £140,400 | £166,000 |
| Bill Payments | £100,579 | £171,973 | £196,487 |
| Subtotal Spent on Operations | £222,279 | £312,373 | £362,487 |
| Additional Cash Spent | |||
| Sales Tax, VAT, HST/GST Paid Out | £0 | £0 | £0 |
| Principal Repayment of Current Borrowing | £0 | £0 | £0 |
| Other Liabilities Principal Repayment | £0 | £0 | £0 |
| Long-term Liabilities Principal Repayment | £6,185 | £6,576 | £7,232 |
| Purchase Other Current Assets | £0 | £0 | £0 |
| Purchase Long-term Assets | £0 | £0 | £0 |
| Dividends | £0 | £0 | £0 |
| Subtotal Cash Spent | £228,464 | £318,949 | £369,719 |
| Net Cash Flow | (£51,592) | £30,939 | £40,849 |
| Cash Balance | £16,508 | £47,447 | £88,296 |
The following table will indicate the projected balance sheet.
| Pro Forma Balance Sheet | |||
| Year 1 | Year 2 | Year 3 | |
| Assets | |||
| Current Assets | |||
| Cash | £16,508 | £47,447 | £88,296 |
| Other Current Assets | £0 | £0 | £0 |
| Total Current Assets | £16,508 | £47,447 | £88,296 |
| Long-term Assets | |||
| Long-term Assets | £51,800 | £51,800 | £51,800 |
| Accumulated Depreciation | £10,356 | £11,219 | £12,082 |
| Total Long-term Assets | £41,444 | £40,581 | £39,718 |
| Total Assets | £57,952 | £88,028 | £128,014 |
| Liabilities and Capital | Year 1 | Year 2 | Year 3 |
| Current Liabilities | |||
| Accounts Payable | £12,858 | £14,249 | £16,320 |
| Current Borrowing | £0 | £0 | £0 |
| Other Current Liabilities | £0 | £0 | £0 |
| Subtotal Current Liabilities | £12,858 | £14,249 | £16,320 |
| Long-term Liabilities | £93,815 | £87,239 | £80,007 |
| Total Liabilities | £106,672 | £101,488 | £96,327 |
| Paid-in Capital | £51,000 | £51,000 | £51,000 |
| Retained Earnings | (£31,100) | (£99,721) | (£64,460) |
| Earnings | (£68,621) | £35,261 | £45,147 |
| Total Capital | (£48,721) | (£13,460) | £31,688 |
| Total Liabilities and Capital | £57,952 | £88,028 | £128,014 |
| Net Worth | (£48,721) | (£13,460) | £31,688 |
Business ratios for the years of this plan are shown below. Industry profile ratios based on the Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) code 8021, Offices of Dentists, are shown for comparison.
| Ratio Analysis | ||||
| Year 1 | Year 2 | Year 3 | Industry Profile | |
| Sales Growth | 0.00% | 97.82% | 17.34% | 6.10% |
| Percent of Total Assets | ||||
| Other Current Assets | 0.00% | 0.00% | 0.00% | 45.00% |
| Total Current Assets | 28.49% | 53.90% | 68.97% | 62.20% |
| Long-term Assets | 71.51% | 46.10% | 31.03% | 37.80% |
| Total Assets | 100.00% | 100.00% | 100.00% | 100.00% |
| Current Liabilities | 22.19% | 16.19% | 12.75% | 30.10% |
| Long-term Liabilities | 161.88% | 99.10% | 62.50% | 30.10% |
| Total Liabilities | 184.07% | 115.29% | 75.25% | 60.20% |
| Net Worth | -84.07% | -15.29% | 24.75% | 39.80% |
| Percent of Sales | ||||
| Sales | 100.00% | 100.00% | 100.00% | 100.00% |
| Gross Margin | 67.43% | 71.35% | 71.25% | 0.00% |
| Selling, General & Administrative Expenses | 106.22% | 61.27% | 60.25% | 68.30% |
| Advertising Expenses | 1.36% | 0.69% | 0.58% | 1.60% |
| Profit Before Interest and Taxes | -33.33% | 16.98% | 17.75% | 3.40% |
| Main Ratios | ||||
| Current | 1.28 | 3.33 | 5.41 | 2.11 |
| Quick | 1.28 | 3.33 | 5.41 | 1.70 |
| Total Debt to Total Assets | 184.07% | 115.29% | 75.25% | 60.20% |
| Pre-tax Return on Net Worth | 140.85% | -374.25% | 203.54% | 10.00% |
| Pre-tax Return on Assets | -118.41% | 57.22% | 50.38% | 25.20% |
| Additional Ratios | Year 1 | Year 2 | Year 3 | |
| Net Profit Margin | -38.80% | 10.08% | 11.00% | n.a |
| Return on Equity | 0.00% | 0.00% | 142.48% | n.a |
| Activity Ratios | ||||
| Accounts Payable Turnover | 8.82 | 12.17 | 12.17 | n.a |
| Payment Days | 27 | 29 | 28 | n.a |
| Total Asset Turnover | 3.05 | 3.97 | 3.21 | n.a |
| Debt Ratios | ||||
| Debt to Net Worth | 0.00 | 0.00 | 3.04 | n.a |
| Current Liab. to Liab. | 0.12 | 0.14 | 0.17 | n.a |
| Liquidity Ratios | ||||
| Net Working Capital | £3,650 | £33,198 | £71,976 | n.a |
| Interest Coverage | -6.10 | 6.56 | 8.71 | n.a |
| Additional Ratios | ||||
| Assets to Sales | 0.33 | 0.25 | 0.31 | n.a |
| Current Debt/Total Assets | 22% | 16% | 13% | n.a |
| Acid Test | 1.28 | 3.33 | 5.41 | n.a |
| Sales/Net Worth | 0.00 | 0.00 | 12.96 | n.a |
| Dividend Payout | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | n.a |
| General Assumptions | |||
| Year 1 | Year 2 | Year 3 | |
| Plan Month | 1 | 2 | 3 |
| Current Interest Rate | 10.00% | 10.00% | 10.00% |
| Long-term Interest Rate | 10.00% | 10.00% | 10.00% |
| Tax Rate | 30.00% | 30.00% | 30.00% |
| Other | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Break-even Analysis | |
| Monthly Revenue Break-even | £22,025 |
| Assumptions: | |
| Average Percent Variable Cost | 33% |
| Estimated Monthly Fixed Cost | £14,851 |
| Pro Forma Profit and Loss | |||
| Year 1 | Year 2 | Year 3 | |
| Sales | £176,872 | £349,888 | £410,568 |
| Direct Cost of Sales | £57,612 | £100,239 | £118,047 |
| Other Production Expenses | £0 | £0 | £0 |
| Total Cost of Sales | £57,612 | £100,239 | £118,047 |
| Gross Margin | £119,260 | £249,649 | £292,521 |
| Gross Margin % | 67.43% | 71.35% | 71.25% |
| Expenses | |||
| Payroll | £121,700 | £140,400 | £166,000 |
| Sales and Marketing and Other Expenses | £2,700 | £2,700 | £2,700 |
| Depreciation | £10,356 | £863 | £863 |
| ADA dues | £600 | £600 | £600 |
| Utilities | £1,800 | £1,800 | £1,800 |
| Insurance- office and malpractice | £4,800 | £4,800 | £4,800 |
| Rent | £18,000 | £18,000 | £18,000 |
| Payroll Taxes | £18,255 | £21,060 | £24,900 |
| Other | £0 | £0 | £0 |
| Total Operating Expenses | £178,211 | £190,223 | £219,663 |
| Profit Before Interest and Taxes | (£58,951) | £59,426 | £72,858 |
| EBITDA | (£48,595) | £60,289 | £73,721 |
| Interest Expense | £9,670 | £9,053 | £8,362 |
| Taxes Incurred | £0 | £15,112 | £19,349 |
| Net Profit | (£68,621) | £35,261 | £45,147 |
| Net Profit/Sales | -38.80% | 10.08% | 11.00% |
| Pro Forma Cash Flow | |||
| Year 1 | Year 2 | Year 3 | |
| Cash Received | |||
| Cash from Operations | |||
| Cash Sales | £176,872 | £349,888 | £410,568 |
| Subtotal Cash from Operations | £176,872 | £349,888 | £410,568 |
| Additional Cash Received | |||
| Sales Tax, VAT, HST/GST Received | £0 | £0 | £0 |
| New Current Borrowing | £0 | £0 | £0 |
| New Other Liabilities (interest-free) | £0 | £0 | £0 |
| New Long-term Liabilities | £0 | £0 | £0 |
| Sales of Other Current Assets | £0 | £0 | £0 |
| Sales of Long-term Assets | £0 | £0 | £0 |
| New Investment Received | £0 | £0 | £0 |
| Subtotal Cash Received | £176,872 | £349,888 | £410,568 |
| Expenditures | Year 1 | Year 2 | Year 3 |
| Expenditures from Operations | |||
| Cash Spending | £121,700 | £140,400 | £166,000 |
| Bill Payments | £100,579 | £171,973 | £196,487 |
| Subtotal Spent on Operations | £222,279 | £312,373 | £362,487 |
| Additional Cash Spent | |||
| Sales Tax, VAT, HST/GST Paid Out | £0 | £0 | £0 |
| Principal Repayment of Current Borrowing | £0 | £0 | £0 |
| Other Liabilities Principal Repayment | £0 | £0 | £0 |
| Long-term Liabilities Principal Repayment | £6,185 | £6,576 | £7,232 |
| Purchase Other Current Assets | £0 | £0 | £0 |
| Purchase Long-term Assets | £0 | £0 | £0 |
| Dividends | £0 | £0 | £0 |
| Subtotal Cash Spent | £228,464 | £318,949 | £369,719 |
| Net Cash Flow | (£51,592) | £30,939 | £40,849 |
| Cash Balance | £16,508 | £47,447 | £88,296 |
| Pro Forma Balance Sheet | |||
| Year 1 | Year 2 | Year 3 | |
| Assets | |||
| Current Assets | |||
| Cash | £16,508 | £47,447 | £88,296 |
| Other Current Assets | £0 | £0 | £0 |
| Total Current Assets | £16,508 | £47,447 | £88,296 |
| Long-term Assets | |||
| Long-term Assets | £51,800 | £51,800 | £51,800 |
| Accumulated Depreciation | £10,356 | £11,219 | £12,082 |
| Total Long-term Assets | £41,444 | £40,581 | £39,718 |
| Total Assets | £57,952 | £88,028 | £128,014 |
| Liabilities and Capital | Year 1 | Year 2 | Year 3 |
| Current Liabilities | |||
| Accounts Payable | £12,858 | £14,249 | £16,320 |
| Current Borrowing | £0 | £0 | £0 |
| Other Current Liabilities | £0 | £0 | £0 |
| Subtotal Current Liabilities | £12,858 | £14,249 | £16,320 |
| Long-term Liabilities | £93,815 | £87,239 | £80,007 |
| Total Liabilities | £106,672 | £101,488 | £96,327 |
| Paid-in Capital | £51,000 | £51,000 | £51,000 |
| Retained Earnings | (£31,100) | (£99,721) | (£64,460) |
| Earnings | (£68,621) | £35,261 | £45,147 |
| Total Capital | (£48,721) | (£13,460) | £31,688 |
| Total Liabilities and Capital | £57,952 | £88,028 | £128,014 |
| Net Worth | (£48,721) | (£13,460) | £31,688 |
| Ratio Analysis | ||||
| Year 1 | Year 2 | Year 3 | Industry Profile | |
| Sales Growth | 0.00% | 97.82% | 17.34% | 6.10% |
| Percent of Total Assets | ||||
| Other Current Assets | 0.00% | 0.00% | 0.00% | 45.00% |
| Total Current Assets | 28.49% | 53.90% | 68.97% | 62.20% |
| Long-term Assets | 71.51% | 46.10% | 31.03% | 37.80% |
| Total Assets | 100.00% | 100.00% | 100.00% | 100.00% |
| Current Liabilities | 22.19% | 16.19% | 12.75% | 30.10% |
| Long-term Liabilities | 161.88% | 99.10% | 62.50% | 30.10% |
| Total Liabilities | 184.07% | 115.29% | 75.25% | 60.20% |
| Net Worth | -84.07% | -15.29% | 24.75% | 39.80% |
| Percent of Sales | ||||
| Sales | 100.00% | 100.00% | 100.00% | 100.00% |
| Gross Margin | 67.43% | 71.35% | 71.25% | 0.00% |
| Selling, General & Administrative Expenses | 106.22% | 61.27% | 60.25% | 68.30% |
| Advertising Expenses | 1.36% | 0.69% | 0.58% | 1.60% |
| Profit Before Interest and Taxes | -33.33% | 16.98% | 17.75% | 3.40% |
| Main Ratios | ||||
| Current | 1.28 | 3.33 | 5.41 | 2.11 |
| Quick | 1.28 | 3.33 | 5.41 | 1.70 |
| Total Debt to Total Assets | 184.07% | 115.29% | 75.25% | 60.20% |
| Pre-tax Return on Net Worth | 140.85% | -374.25% | 203.54% | 10.00% |
| Pre-tax Return on Assets | -118.41% | 57.22% | 50.38% | 25.20% |
| Additional Ratios | Year 1 | Year 2 | Year 3 | |
| Net Profit Margin | -38.80% | 10.08% | 11.00% | n.a |
| Return on Equity | 0.00% | 0.00% | 142.48% | n.a |
| Activity Ratios | ||||
| Accounts Payable Turnover | 8.82 | 12.17 | 12.17 | n.a |
| Payment Days | 27 | 29 | 28 | n.a |
| Total Asset Turnover | 3.05 | 3.97 | 3.21 | n.a |
| Debt Ratios | ||||
| Debt to Net Worth | 0.00 | 0.00 | 3.04 | n.a |
| Current Liab. to Liab. | 0.12 | 0.14 | 0.17 | n.a |
| Liquidity Ratios | ||||
| Net Working Capital | £3,650 | £33,198 | £71,976 | n.a |
| Interest Coverage | -6.10 | 6.56 | 8.71 | n.a |
| Additional Ratios | ||||
| Assets to Sales | 0.33 | 0.25 | 0.31 | n.a |
| Current Debt/Total Assets | 22% | 16% | 13% | n.a |
| Acid Test | 1.28 | 3.33 | 5.41 | n.a |
| Sales/Net Worth | 0.00 | 0.00 | 12.96 | n.a |
| Dividend Payout | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | n.a |